Understanding hair growth and shedding
Hair grows in cycles, and it’s normal to lose some hair every day. The hair growth cycle consists of three phases:
Anagen phase (Growth phase): This is the active growth phase that lasts for 2-7 years. About 85-90% of your hair is in this phase at any given time.
Catagen phase (Transitional phase): This phase lasts for about 2-3 weeks, during which hair growth slows and the hair follicle shrinks.
Telogen phase (Resting phase): This phase lasts for around 3 months. After this period, the hair falls out, and a new hair begins to grow in its place.
On average, it’s normal to lose about 50-100 hairs per day as part of this cycle. However, several factors can influence hair shedding, including age, genetics, hormonal changes, stress, and overall health.
Factors influencing hair fall
Age: As you age, hair growth slows, and hair may become thinner and more prone to falling out.
Genetics: Family history plays a significant role in hair loss. If your parents experienced hair loss, you’re more likely to experience it as well.
Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations due to pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, or thyroid problems can affect hair growth and shedding.
Stress: Physical or emotional stress can trigger hair loss. This type of hair loss is usually temporary and can be reversed once the stress is managed.
Nutritional deficiencies: Lack of essential nutrients like iron, vitamin D, and protein can lead to hair loss. A balanced diet is crucial for healthy hair growth.
Medical conditions: Conditions like alopecia areata, scalp infections, and autoimmune diseases can cause abnormal hair loss.
Signs of normal hair fall
Normal hair fall is characterized by:
Losing 50-100 hairs per day
Finding a few hairs on your pillow, in your brush, or in the shower drain
Hair falling out evenly across the scalp
If your hair loss fits these criteria, it’s likely a normal part of the hair growth cycle.
Signs of abnorm
al hair loss
Abnormal hair loss can be identified by:
Losing significantly more than 100 hairs per day
Noticeable thinning or bald spots
Hair falling out in clumps
Widening part or receding hairline
Types of hair loss
Telogen effluvium: This temporary condition occurs when a large number of hair follicles enter the telogen phase simultaneously, leading to increased shedding. It’s often triggered by stress, illness, surgery, or hormonal changes.
Androgenetic alopecia (Male/Female Pattern Baldness): This genetic condition causes gradual thinning and balding, typically at the crown and temples for men and the top of the scalp for women.
Alopecia areata: An autoimmune disorder that causes patchy hair loss on the scalp and other parts of the body.
Traction alopecia: Caused by hairstyles that pull on the hair, such as tight ponytails, braids, or extensions.
When to seek help
If you’re concerned about your hair fall, consider consulting a healthcare professional if you notice:
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Sudden or excessive hair loss
Bald patches or significant thinning
Scalp pain, itching, or redness
Hair loss accompanied by other symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, or skin changes
A dermatologist or trichologist can perform a thorough examination, including a scalp biopsy or blood tests, to determine the cause of your hair loss and recommend appropriate treatments.
Tips for healthy hair
Maintain a balanced diet: Ensure you’re getting enough vitamins, minerals, and protein.
Manage stress: Practice stress-reducing techniques like meditation, yoga, or exercise.
Avoid harsh hair treatments: Limit the use of heat styling tools, chemical treatments, and tight hairstyles.
Use gentle hair care products: Choose shampoos and conditioners that are suitable for your hair type and avoid products with harsh chemicals.
Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water is essential for overall health, including hair health.