What is leg angioplasty?
Leg angioplasty, also referred to as lower extremity revascularization, is a medical procedure designed to address narrowing or blockages in the arteries of the legs.This condition often occurs due to the accumulation of fatty plaques, leading to reduced blood flow. The procedure can be conducted through either open surgery or minimally invasive endovascular techniques. Its primary objective is to clear the obstruction or establish an alternative route for blood flow, thereby improving circulation and alleviating symptoms.
Image: ANI
Types of leg revascularization
Several techniques are employed in leg revascularization, including angioplasty, stent placement, atherectomy, bypass surgery, and endarterectomy. These methods aim to either widen the narrowed artery, keep it open with a stent, remove the plaque, or reroute blood flow around the obstruction, depending on the patient’s condition and the severity of the arterial blockage.
When is leg revascularization needed?
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Leg revascularization becomes necessary for individuals suffering from peripheral artery disease (PAD), which results in diminished blood flow and oxygen supply to the legs due to arterial narrowing. While nonsurgical treatments such as medication and lifestyle modifications are initially recommended, surgical intervention may be required in cases of critical limb ischemia, characterised by severe pain or non-healing wounds.
Preparation and considerations
Before undergoing leg revascularization, patients undergo a comprehensive evaluation to assess the severity and location of the arterial disease, as well as the associated risks and their overall health condition. Various tests, including physical examinations and medical history assessments, are conducted to ensure optimal surgical outcomes. Recovery from leg angioplasty typically takes 6 to 8 weeks, during which the affected limb may experience swelling that gradually resolves as normal blood flow is restored.